What is Trigger Point Dry Needling, Does It Work?

Trigger point dry needling (TDN) is a buzz word that is gaining traction in the physical therapy industry. So, what is dry needling, does it work? Testimonials are the most significant reason that this therapy has caught on with some physical therapists, athletes and other patients. Nevertheless, testimonials are not convincing scientific proof. Here are some facts about TDN.

What is Trigger Point Dry Needling?

Trigger point dry needling (TDN) is an intervention used to treat myofascial pain syndrome and associated impairments. Myofascial pain syndrome is characterized by the presence of one or more symptomatic myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) located in skeletal muscle. Research indicates active MTrPs have higher concentrations of inflammatory agents. These physiologic changes are most likely the factors behind the physical impairments associated with the presence of MTrPs, such as loss of range of motion (ROM), weakness, and painful contractions. Dry needling is a technique used for the treatment of pain and movement impairments. Dry needling involves a thin filiform needle that penetrates the skin and stimulates underlying myofascial trigger points and muscular and connective tissues.

What Does the Research Show?

A report published in the Journal of Manual and Manipulative Therapy gathered the results of 20 studies regarding the effectiveness of (TDN) for chronic tender trigger points. The research addressed all parts of the body commonly treated with TDN. The results were inconclusive. While patients experienced some degree of relief, there are only theories, no hard evidence, as to why. Furthermore, the quality of evidence is not very strong. Various published studies, such as one by the Cochrane Research Group states that TDN may be useful in addition to standard treatment. However, the study reiterated that there is insufficient evidence to make any recommendations regarding TDN. Additionally, it reports that more thorough studies would be needed to provide better proof of effectiveness.

Does TDN Work?

Some physical therapists are calling the buzz around TDN irrational exuberance, as evidence-based treatment need be at the core of PT industry standards. The overall consensus is that TDN is hardly transformative intervention. What is troubling within the musculoskeletal world is that many patients are seeking out the treatment on the sole basis of testimonials and word of mouth. While we do not discount some people are finding relief, we must emphasize that TDN should never take the place of systematically addressing and treating the root of the issue. Further, we feel there are proven methods to release chronic tender trigger points including:
• Myofascial release
• Acupressure
• Strain/Counter Strain
• Muscle Energy Techniques
• Joint and Soft Tissue Mobilization

A Final Takeaway

Lastly, we recommend that a patient never choose treatment over the provider. Much work has yet to be done in the research arena for TDN to truly be accepted in the medical industry as a credible strategy. While for some it is a quick fix, most evidence shows it is only a short-term solution. One should never discount a full course of action that addresses the underlying cause of the physical issue. When faced with a list of treatments for our clients, we will always choose an evidence-based course to guarantee success.

If you have questions regarding dry needling and if it works, contact Kinetic PT. Our staff works with each patient to ensure a quality of care and an individualized regimen that is unique to your needs. Schedule an evaluation today, and let’s get started on your path to recovery!